Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in a Sample of Iraqi Patients with Type2 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a progressive condition that is characterized by high blood sugar (hyperglycemia)‚ with T2D the body either resist the effect of insulin or does not produce enough insulin. In order to underline the role of the genes involved in this study‚ we investigate ‚using PCR-RFLP for CTLA-4 gene ‚ PCR-RFLP and sequencing for VDR gene. Polymorphisms of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) belonging to both genes in 60 T2D patients and 30 healthy control from Iraqi population. The present local study demonstrated that VDR FoK-I‚ FF genotype (P = 0.04) and F‚f alleles (P=0.07) frequencies were significantly associated while VDR Bsm-I was significantly non-associated. CTLA-4 -1722(T C) and +49 (A G) shows non-significant association. These result suggest the involvement of VDR gene in the genetic susceptibility to T2D. Interestingly FoK-I‚ contributes to increasing the risk to the disease in our population. However‚ Further studies are require to confirmed this finding.