Updates in the genetics of inflammatory bowel disease

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are chronic, relapsing, inflammatory conditions defined by their phenotypic features. Family studies have identified a clear genetic influence on disease susceptibility and expression. Molecular studies have identified specific genes that predispose individuals to the development of inflammatory bowel disease. Some of these genes are specific to either ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease, others are common to both conditions. The identification of susceptibility genes provides insight into the mechanisms that underlie these conditions. Furthermore it raises the possibility of anticipating disease outcome and tailoring treatment for an individual.