The Extended Meaning Of The Prefix BeR-: A Semantic Cognitive Analysis

Imbuhan beR ialah salah satu imbuhan yang dibincangkan dalam buku nahu bahasaMelayu. Secara umumnya huraian mengenai imbuhan ini agak serupa antara penahudan adakalanya bertindih. Satu aspek imbuhan yang penting ialah makna imbuhan itusendiri. Penahu bersetuju untuk mengatakan yang imbuhan nahu mempunyai makna‘melakukan sesuatu ke atas diri sendiri’, ‘refleksif’, ‘perbuatan bersalingan’, dan‘memiliki’. Namun, makna imbuhan beR selalunya diterangkan secara luaran sahajameskipun ada banyak lagi maksud lain yang boleh diterokai. Bersandarkan 5 jutadata korpus UKM-DBP - akhbar (Utusan Malaysia, Berita Harian, Harakah), majalah,dan buku, makna imbuhan beR- dicungkil dengan lebih mendalam. Peluasan maknaimbuhan beR- ini telah dihuraikan dengan menggunakan pendekatan semantikkognitif melalui teori prototaip dan model kategori jaringan radial. Beberapamekanisme kognitif seperti skema imej perbuatan (pergerakan, refleksif, bersalingan,dan penghasilan), skema imej milikan, skema imej pasif, skema imej psikologi, danskema imej kumpulan telah berjaya diserlahkan bagi memperjelas cara manaberlakunya proses peluasan makna imbuhan beR- ini. Terbukti, peluasan maknaimbuhan beR- berlaku secara sistematik. Peluasan makna imbuhan beR- mempunyaidomain teras, dan domain pinggiran. Perbezaan setiap domain inilah yangmenyebabkan wujudnya peluasan makna terhadap imbuhan beR-.The prefix beR- is one of the affixes that are discussed widely in the Malay grammarbook. Generally the descriptions on this prefix are fairly similar and sometimesoverlapped. One of the important aspects about affixation is a study of meaning. Mostgrammarians agree that the prefix beR- denotes the meaning of ‘self do’, ‘reflexives’,‘reciprocate’ and ‘belonging’. Nevertheless, these meanings are superficiallydescribed whereas there are other meanings that can be further explored. Based on 5million corpus data taken from UKM- DBP data bank which comprises of newspaper(Utusan Malaysia, Berita Harian, Harakah) magazines and books, the meaning ofbeR- can be explicated in detailed. The extension of meaning of the prefix beR- isexplained within the cognitive semantics approach through the prototype theory andthe radial network category model. Cognitive mechanisms such as action imagescheme (movement, reflexive, reciprocal, and production), belonging image scheme,passive image scheme, psychology image scheme, and grouping image schema havebeen utilized successfully in explaining how the meaning extension works. Evidently,the process of meaning extension involving the prefix beR- operates systematically.The application of meaning extension has two domains, namely, main and peripheraldomain. The difference of each domain contributes to the extension of meaning of theprefix beR- itself.