From a Maritime Kingdom to Modern Johore: An Evolution, Transformation and Metamorphosis of a Malay Kingdom

This article attempts to explain the uniqueness in the history of Johore in terms of how the government has gone through and experienced a totally different history, as compared to other Malay states. This writing about Johore’s history is divided into several stages of evolution, transformation and metamorphosis. Firstly, this paper will discuss the evolution and early history of Johore, which began before the year 1530. Secondly, this paper will explain the evolution and transformation of Johore’s history from 1530 to 1640, followed by the third stage which will discuss the transformation in the history of Johore from 1641 to 1699. The discussion in the fourth stage revolves around the transformation of Johore’s history from 1700 to 1720 and the fifth stage continues to discuss the transformation of Johore’s history from 1721 to 1784. The sixth stage will discuss the transformation of Johore’s history from 1785 to 1824, and lastly, the seventh stage will explain the metamorphosis in the history of Johore after 1825 until today. All these seven stages of development in the history of Johore, which involved the processes of evolution, transformation and metamorphosis, have shown the strength and competitiveness of the government in facing all kinds of challenges and how it has successfully maintained its heritage and identity as a Johore-Malay state for centuries