Comparison of simvastatin with Eugenia Jambolana fruit pulp in their effects on Alanine Transferase, Aspartate Aminotransferase and Creatinine Phosphokinase levels of hyperlipidaemic rats

Objectives: To compare the effects of Eugenia Jambolana fruit extract with simvastatin on liver enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transferase (ALT) and muscle enzyme creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) in diet induced hyperlipidaemic rats. Methods: An experimental randomized control study was conducted on seventy five male albino rats, divided into five groups labelled A, B, C, D and E with fifteen rats in each group. Group A was kept as normal control, groups B, C, D and E were given hyperlipidaemic diet for six weeks. In group B no further intervention was done, group C and group D were given ethanolic extract of Eugenia Jambolana and Simvastatin respectively for eight weeks. Group E was given combination of both for same duration. Serum Total Cholesterol (TC), Low density lipoprotein (LDL), High density lipoprotein (HDL), Triglycerides (TG), ALT, AST and CPK were measured at zero, six and fourteen weeks. Results: At fourteenth week significant reductions in serum ALT , AST and CPK levels were observed in hyperlipidaemic group C as compared to other hyperlipidaemic groups B, D and E (p 0.05). Serum ALT level which is considered to be the most important parameter of hepatotoxicity returned to normal after 8 weeks in group C fed on Eugenia Jambolana fruit pulp only and the values were equal to control group A. There was no significant difference at baseline (zero weeks) serum TC, LDL, HDL, TG, ALT, AST and CPK of groups A, B, C, D and E; p 0.24, p 0.37, p 0.89, respectively. On sixth week, serum ALT, AST and CPK levels of hyperlipidaemic groups B,C,D and E were found to be significantly higher as compared to group A (p 0.05). Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Eugenia Jambolana fruit caused a reduction in serum ALT, AST and CPK level in male albino rats when compared with simvastatin.