Toxicity of different doses of alcoholic extract for Citrullus Colonocynthis fruits in mice

The present study was designed to evaluate the toxic effect alcoholic extract for Citrullus Coloncynthis fruits in mice. Four treatment groups, each consist of 6 mice divided according to daily treatment with alcoholic extract for Citrullus Colonocynthis fruits to T1, T2, T3 and Crepresenting dosing orally with 30, 60,120 mg/kg respectively the fourth group act as control and treated with distilled water in 30 day. The result showed significant (P 0.01) elevation in their serum clinical enzyme Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) positively proportional with the dose of the plant extract. Yellow of spots was noticed in the liver in T2 and T3 groups at the end of experiment. All treated group T1,T2,T3 show no gross lesion on kidney compares control group. Toxic signs were also noticed increase proportionally with the dose of treated group including: depression, change in stool color and increase in respiration with decrease in weight. Histopathological changes shows the lesion which increased proportionally with the dose that lesion as inflammation and necrosis appear more in high dose T3= (120 mg/kg) in both liver and kidney in addition for the presence of multiple cast in urinary tubules and less at the other doses. The results of this study reveal that the alcoholic extract for Citrullus Colonocynthis fruits toxic effect in dose T3= (120 mg/kg) and less effect in T2= (60 mg/kg). Because of the popularity of this plant in traditional medicine for treatment of some diseases such as diabetes mellitus therefore must careful when uses.