Morphological Evaluation of Colorectal Carcinoma with Grading Staging and Histological types

Objective: To evaluate the morphology, grading and staging of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and to assess the relationship between these parameters. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Departments of Pathology, University of Health Sciences and Sheikh Zayed Federal Post Graduate Medical Institute Lahore, Pakistan, over a period of one year. The study consisted of 100 colectomy/ hemicolectomy specimens, received fixed in 10% formalin. The specimens were examined grossly to observe the various macroscopical features of tumours. Haematoxylin and Eosin stained slides were examined to determine the histological type, grade and stage of CRC. Results: Among the 100 cases, 59 were non mucinous adenocarcinomas, of which 4 were in Dukes stage A, 51 were in Dukes stage B and 4 were in Dukes stage C. Cases of nonmucinous CRC of grade I to grade II were 55 in number. In thirty cases of mucinous carcinomas, 18 were in Dukes stage B and 12 were in Dukes stage C, of these 2 were of grade I, 20 were of grade II and 8 were of grade III. All the 11 signet ring cell carcinomas were of grade III and in Dukes stage C. Conclusion: Mucin secreting and signet-ring cell adenocarcinomas of colon and rectum are high grade tumours and presented at an advanced stage.