Validation of Measures of Academic Self- Handicapping Behavior and Student Engagement on Muslim University Students

As a preliminary step to studying the reciprocal relationship between student engagement and academic self-handicapping, the present study had the aim of validating two key instruments on the target non-western population. The two instrruments in question were 1) the Self-Handicapping Questionnaire (SHQ 2011), and 2) the Student Engagement Questionnaire (SEQ 2011) which consists of i) the Emotional Engagement Scale, ii) the Behavioral Engagement Scale, and iii) the Cognitive Engagement Scale. We wanted to discover the psychometric properties of these instruments when used on an Asian Muslim population, in a predominantly Muslim setting. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were employed. Results indicated that both measures had adequate validity and reliability when used on a Muslim population.