Immunomodulatory effects of royal jelly on aorta CD3, CD68 and eNOS expression in hypercholesterolaemic rats

Hypercholesterolaemia (HPC) is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Synthetic medicines cause serious side effects that cause an imbalance in the body’s functions. Therefore utilization of natural compounds could be an alternative concept in the treatment of diseases, as they have no side effects on human health. The present work is designed to evaluate the immunomodulatory role of royal jelly (RJ) on the aorta in hypercholestrolaemic rats. Cholesterol (30 mg/kg/day) administration for two months caused a significant increase of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, CD4 and CD8 in serum and diminution in HDL levels. Aortic histopathological lesions are represented by deposition of fats, loss of smooth muscle fibres and an increase in CD3, CD86 and eNOS expression in the tunica intima. RJ administration (300 mg/kg/day) with CH, produced a counteractive effect, represented in recompense of biochemical alteration, CD4 and CD8 expression. RJ intake also amended the histological picture. The immunohistochemical picture revealed a decrease in CD3, CD86 and eNOS in the aortic tissue. These findings attributed to the significant immunomodulatory effect of RJ remedy suppress deleterious effects of hypercholesterolaemia.