Effect Of Gamma Irradiation And Sodium Azide On Some Economic Traits In Tomato

The objectives of this investigation was to study the effect of the two mutagens gamma rays at three doses (2,4 and 6 K/rad) and sodium azide at three concentration (0,001, 0.002, and 0.003 ml/L) on the expressivity of the genes controlling economic traits on tomato hybrid named “madeer”. Mutagenic treatments with 2,4 K/rad gamma rays and 0,001 ml/L sodium azide enhanced all studied tomato traits . On the other hand ,4 K/rad gamma rays was the best mutagenic treatments than the others , which caused increasing of tomato traits over control as fellow: plant height 27.09%; fruit number 79.91% fruit weight 45.77%; fruit yield/ plant 140.25%; chlorophyll a and b 80.28% and 40.93% respectively and carotenes 85.71% . However, the reverse is true for the two sodium azide concentrations 0.002 and 0.003 ml/L which they reduced the values of plant height, chlorophyll a,b, carotenes and caused full sterility for tomato plants. While, 6K/rad gamma rays revealed the same effects for studied tomato traits of that respective control. Concerning to SDS protein electrophoresis, 2,4 K/rad gamma rays treatments enhanced the tomato genome to active some gene as they expressed by the appearance of some new minor band, which its responsible to improvement studied tomato traits. While the opposite was true for 6 K/rad gamma rays and 0,001 ml/L sodium azide treatments, where less number of bands were appeared