HPLC profile, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-proliferative activity of aerial parts of Ferula ovina (Boiss.) Boiss.

The areial parts of Ferula ovina (Boiss.) Boiss were extracted by methanol and then fractintioned with solvents that were differences in their polarity. The evaluation of the bioactivity of the plant extracts including antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activity was carried out using various assays. The phenolic and flavonoid compound profile of the extract were established using HPLC analysis. The leaves showed the highest total phenolic content and radical scavenging activity; the flowers had the maximum amount of total flavonoid content, and the stems exhibited the maximum ferrous ion chelating ability. Among ten microorganisms, the plant extract prevented the growth of three strains, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Streptococcus pneumonia. The flower of F. ovina (Boiss.) Boiss shows the best anti-human cervical carcinoma property against HeLa cell lines. Gallic acid was found as the major phenolic compound in the plant extract according to the HPLC result.