Relationship Between Colorectal Carcinoma and Adenoma Detection Rate by Colonoscopy

Background: in recent years, colorectal cancer incidence has declined dramatically. Screening programs, based on endoscopic resection of polipoid precancerous lesions, are being fundamental in that desirable improvement. Material and methods: prospective observational study of a set of patients who had an endoscopic resection of colonic polipoid lesions from January-2007 to December-2012. We analized “polyps rate” by colonoscopy, number of patients, follow-up time, and “relationship with later cancer appearance“. Results: 841 patients (357 women, a 42’4%, and 484 men, a 57’65%) with a total of 7007 colorectal polyps and a medium follow-up of 66 +/- 21’84 months. During the following 12 patients were diagnosed of colorectal cancer, who had not had any statistical significant difference in “polyps rate per colonoscopy”, nor for the number of “advanced adenomas” (Z=0’11, p=0’91), nor for “total adenomatous polyps” (Z=1’84, p=0’07). Nevertheless, we could see that patients without colorectal cancer showed lower “polyps rate per colonoscopy” of advanced adenoma (Z=4’61, p <0’001) and raw number of polyps (Z=7’09, p <0’001). Conclusions: when comparing rates by number of patients, number of colonoscopic explorations and follow-up time, the advanced adenoma rate was found to be higher in patients who later developed colorectal carcinoma.