Changes of serum calcium,phosphorus,and parathyroid hormone concentrations and ocular findings among patients undergoing hemodialysis

There are various reports of ocular abnormalities in metabolic disorders. This study was done with the aim to investigate the relationships between the amounts of serum calcium,phosphorus,and parathyroid hormone concentrations and ocular findings in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Fifty eight patients with end stage renal failure undergoing hemodialysis were randomly selected and enrolled in this prospective study. Demographic data,history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension,and duration of hemodialysis were recorded. Serum calcium,phosphorus,alkaline phosphatase (ALP),and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations were measured. Also,blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and weight of the patient was measured just before and three minutes after the hemodialysis. Patients also underwent a complete ocular examination including visual acuity,intraocular pressure (IOP),biomicroscopic examination,and fundoscopy. In univariate analysis,adverse relationships were found between the ocular hypertension and ALP concentration (P = 0.017) and also between the visual acuity and phosphorus concentration (P = 0.033). However,in multivariate regression analysis and with regard to the patients characteristics and medical history in a multivariate model,no relationships were found between ocular findings and serum calcium,phosphorus,ALP,and PTH concentrations. No relationships were found between the serum concentrations of calcium,phosphorus,ALP,and PTH and ocular findings in patients with end stage renal failure undergoing hemodialysis.