Elicitor Applications to Cell Suspension Culture for Production ofPhenolic Compounds in Grapevine

In this study, the effects of cadmium sulphate (CdSO), fleuresans irradiation, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and sucrosetreatments on the production of phenolic compounds in grapevine cell suspension cultures initiated from callus from petiole tissues of Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Gamay, Kalecik karası and Öküzgözü were investigated. As the elicitors of CdSO (0, 1 and 1.5 mM), MeJA (0 and 10 µM) and sucrose (0, 0.20 and 0.25 M) were applied. Cell suspensions were exposed to visible light (10,000 lux) for fleuresans irradiation or cultured in dark constantly. Total phenolics, total flavanols, total flavonols and anthocyanin were determined spectrophotometrically while trans-resveratrol was quantified byHPLC. CdSOat 1.5 mM concentration and MeJA at 10 µM concentration yielded the highest phenolic productionsin all cultivars. Especially, Kalecik Karası treated with CdSO at 1.5 mM had the highest total phenolic (3.144 mg g^-1), anthocyanin (1.672 CV g^-1) and trans-resveratrol (3.650 µg g^-1) contents. MeJA application at 10 µM provided the trans- resveratrol accumulation as high as 11.681 µg g^-1 in Öküzgözü. 0.20 M sucrose concentration resulted in the highest total phenolics (4.215 mg g^-1) and trans-resveratrol (7.550 µg g^-1) in Kalecik Karası cultures while the most anthocyanin accumulation (2.024 CV g^-1) was achieved from Gamay. Darkness had strongly increased trans-resveratrol content in all cultivars, whereas total phenolics and anthocyanin synthesis were induced by light. Elicitor applications of CdSO ,MeJA, sucrose and fleuresans irradiation can be an efficient approach for the production of phenolics in grapevines.