Nanoparticle-based stationary phases for pharmaceutical and biomolecule separations

Due to challenges in providing a multi-purpose chromatographic column, columns are modified to acquire specific chemical characteristics for hydrophobic, hydrophilic, ionic or other interactions. Particular properties of nanoparticles such as large specific surface, high pore volume, narrow particle size and pore size distribution, and excellent stability make them perfect supports for electrochromatography and chromatographic applications, which enhance the retention and separation efficiency. On the other hand, because of disadvantages of silica stationary phases, it is noteworthy to design new stationary phases for the separation process. In addition, the applications of nanoparticles in separation process give rise to reach a suitable mass transfer, which is significant in chromatographic science. The present literature survey focuses on various nanoparticle-based stationary phases for the analysis of biomolecules and chiral drugs using capillary electrochromatography and liquid chromatography techniques, which provide rapid and efficient separations, short run time, high enantioseparation, and less consumption of expensive stationary phases.