A Review of Antibiotic Consumptions at Moewardi Municipality Hospital Dental Ward Surakarta, Indonesia Using Algorithm Gyssens

Antibiotics are chemicals that kill or stop the growth of microscopic organisms or microbes, such as bacteria, fungi, or protozoa. Therefore, antibiotics can be used to treat diseases caused by germs in the body. The objective of the research was to know the description and pattern of antibiotic prescription at Dr. Moewardi Municipality Hospital Dental Ward, Surakarta. This study was based on the observational description with a cross-sectional study design. The samples taken for observation were 321 patients with medical records from September-December 2018. We applied secondary retrospective data and Defined Daily Doses (DDD)/Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) from World Health Organization (WHO) Constanta. The data was then rated for its accuracy by tracing using Algorithm Gyssens. The results showed 71.96% of the patients received treatment and drug prescriptions, of which 36.45% were antibiotics. Amoxicillin was the most widely used antibiotic, followed by Clindamycin and Cefixime. The DDD/ATC ratio was 1.639982. The results from observation and identification with Gyssens category revealed that the categories 0, IIA, IIIB, IIIA, IVB, and V accounted for 75.35%, 2.82%, 8.45%, 7.75%, 4.93%, and 0.7%, respectively, of the consumed antibiotics. Accordingly, there is a rational prescription at Dr. Moewardi Municipality Hospital Dental Ward, Surakarta, but it still needs improvement.