Flavoring Compounds of Essential Oil Isolated from Agriculture Waste of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) Plant

Our program to study the optimization of agricultural residues after harvest. Dry waste of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) plant was collected for recycling in order to obtain the volatile oils. The purpose is, to benefit from the waste receiving more of coriander essential oil, in addition, reducing the environmental pollution resulting from the methods used to disposal of agricultural waste. The experiment was carried out at Asuit region -Egypt during two successive seasons 2015-2016 to study the yield and chemical constituents of the essential oils produced from the green herb, the dry seeds and the waste of coriander (C. sativum) plant. The chemical constituents of coriander oils were analyzed by means of GC/MS. The results of the analysis of coriander essential oil showed that, thirty five constituents representing 92.49% of the oil herb were identified, against twenty nine (84.6%) and seventeen (91.84%) for seed and waste oil, respectively. The main constituent was linalool in green herb and dry seeds oils, while trans-anethole was found as the major oil constituents of waste oil followed by linalool compound. The high percentage of linalool was found in the seeds oil (59.6%) followed by the waste (29.29%) and green herb oil (18.34%) respectively. Clear variation in the oil constituents of the three oils due to kind of plant materials as well as the growth stages was observed. So some compounds were found in all samples of the three oils with only differences in the concentrations of them. These compounds were α-pinene. camphene, α-pinene, β-cymene and limonene. Also some compounds were found in some oils and absent in the others. Cis-beta-ocimene, terpinene gamma, camphor, α-terpineol, β-caryophyllene and decanal were found in the green herb and seeds oils, while estragole and trans anethole were found only in green herb and waste oil. The composition of the waste oil was close to that of the green herb and dry seed oils, which means that waste oil resembles the herb and seed oil to a great extent.