Quality and Quantity of Volatile Oil Resulting From the Recycling of Different Forms Of Orange Peel Using Drying Methods

Orange is one of the world s most popular fruit crops, contains active constituents that can protect health. To get the highest quality and quantity of orange peel oil, it is necessary to know the suitable methods for drying and the appropriate form of the peel, whether in the form of pieces, grated or powder. The objective of this study was to study the effect of drying methods and peel form on the yield and chemical composition of the orange peel oil constituents. The sweet orange of Washington Navel orange peel (Citrus sinensis L) obtained from the farms of the Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture on 15 December 2017. For the preparation and processing of orange peel, it has been peeling orange fruits and dried by three different methods of drying, drying the shade, sun drying and drying oven at 40 °C. The fresh orange peel took two forms, the first was pieces while, the second was in the form of grated peel. The dried peel, divided into two forms, they were pieces and powder. The volatile oils of every treatment were extracted by hydro-distillation. The volatile oils samples were analyzed by capillary GC and GC-MS. The volatile oil percentage of orange peel varied according to the type of orange peel used (fresh or dry) as well as the form of the peel used. The essential oil percentage ranged from 0.46 to 1,70 %, depending on the type and form of the orange peel. Orange peel oil from Egypt was rich in limonene. At the same time, most of the chemical components differed from the essential oils tested according to the type and method of drying the orange peel used, as well as the shape of the orange peel used whether fresh grated peel , peel pieces or as powder form. The aim of this work is to maximize the benefit of recycling plant waste of orange fruits for the production of aromatic oil with a comprehensive evaluation of its chemical components under the influence of drying methods and the form of peel used.