An Analysis on Slide Trenches of the Railway and Stabilization with Slope Change, Retaining Structure and Rock shed Methods and Reducing Destruction of Agricultural Lands and Orchards

Safety in the ways especially in mountain regions is highly important. Ground instability especially in the sloped hillsides can cause many risks. Running of trenches is one of the unpleasant consequences in the instable grounds which usually occur in the marl lands, weathered stones and non- condensing sedimentary layers. These landslides can occur during road making or using and applying the projects. There are several ways for stabilization of steep slopes that usually one or more are used given to the factors causing instability and environmental conditions and geology of the slopes and economic issues and ease of implementation to stabilize instable trenches. Since, the track of railway projects may pass through agricultural lands and orchards and slide of trenches may cause redirection or the variant that this redirection usually causes destruction of the agricultural lands and orchards and leads to irreversible damage in this area then, it is tried in this study to analysis influential factors on regional instability in the country emphasizing railway projects. Data analyzed included factors such as litho logy, the presence of weak surfaces and weak intercalated marlstone layers, gravity and slope changes at the hillsides, loading and total weight of the hillside materials, material and granulation of the material and their thickness, water from rainfall, vegetation, topographic status and alignment of layering slope and topographic slope, hillside direction, land use. Then, methods for stabilization were proposed. Stabilization methods in this study include changing slopes in the trenches, creating maintaining structures such as retaining walls of the trenches and making rock shed or artificial tunnels.