Immunopathogenesis of allergic rhinitis

Rhinitis is defined as inflammation of the nasal membranes and is characterized by a symptom complex that consists of any combination of the following: sneezing, nasal congestion, nasal itching, and rhinorrhea. The eyes, ears, sinuses, and throat can also be involved. Allergic rhinitis is the most common cause of rhinitis. It is an extremely common condition, affecting approximately 20% of the population. Systemic effects, including fatigue, sleepiness, and malaise, can occur from the inflammatory response. These symptoms often contribute to impaired quality of life. Classification of allergic rhinitis: The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) group in conjunction with the World Health Organization (WHO), has revised the classification of AR. This classification includes a measurement of the frequency and duration of symptoms. Intermittent AR is defined as experiencing symptoms for 4 days/week or 4 consecutive weeks. Persistent AR is termed as symptoms occurring for more than 4 days/week and more than 4 consecutive weeks. Additionally, a severity scale of mild to moderate-severe was included in the revised classification