Designing Ultra-low-power Cardiac Pacemaker with Quantum Cellular Automation Technology

The heartbeat is triggered by a sinoatrial node in the heart. If the sinoatrial node is disrupted for any reason or if there is a problem with the heart's electrical signal path, the heart rate will decrease or become impaired; in which case the cardiac pacemaker could control the heart function. The pacemaker is an electrical stimulator that causes the heart to expand and contract and triggers pulses to the heart when needed or permanently. Since the pacemaker is placed inside the patient's body, it should be designed based on the minimum power consumption. Besides, frequency adjustment in this device is necessary to regulate heart rate in a variety of arrhythmias. In this paper, logic cells of quantum cellular automata are utilized to design a pulse generator circuit in a heart oscillator, where power consumption and dimensions are minimal. An important feature of the proposed circuit is the ability to adjust the output pulse frequency. The efficiency of this circuit has been evaluated using QCAdesigner simulator and desirable results have been obtained in terms of power consumption level. The simulation results also show very low power consumption for the designed circuit.