application of nano-ceo2 catalyst as a suitable and useful catalyst in the synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthenes

xanthene and their derivatives are an important class of broad-spectrum heterocyclic compounds used as fluorescent dyes to visualize biomolecules and lasers. they have been reported to be antiviral for photodynamic treatment, bactericidal activity in agriculture. in this research, a simple method for the synthesis of high-efficiency 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthenes through the reaction from aromatic aldehyde and dimedon derivatives in the presence of nano-ceo2 catalyst in water under the reflux conditions. the results revealed that this synthetic reaction is very simple and 1,8- dioxooctahydroxanthene derivatives produced with good yields compared to other articles. the advantages of this method include catalyst recovery, high efficiency and easy operation method. as shown in table 5, the highest efficiency (95%) in a short time (1 h) was obtained in this study, which is very important compared to other previous methods presented.