Exploring the Epistemological Tools and Sources of Science and Religion

One of the topics of modern theology in the field of theological studies is to explain the relationship between science and religion from the perspective of thinkers and researchers. Researchers in this field have different perspectives to express the relationship between science and religion in a way that includes conflict, differentiation, interaction, and adaptation. The relationship between science and religion can be examined from different angles, so what is more important It examines the relationship between religion and science from an epistemological perspective. In this study, exploring epistemological factors means the tools and cognitive resources of the products of science and religion. This research, which is descriptive-analytical and library method, has analyzed the data after collecting documents. Discussion about the sources and tools of cognition in the two fields of science and religion shows that based on the different epistemological foundations that we see in these two approaches, both in the definition of tools and sources of cognition and in the amount of knowledge and realism of sources there is a difference. For example: on an epistemological basis, religion believes that the universe consists of abstract and material truths (beings). At the same time, the scientific approach is based on the denial of abstract beings. Therefore, on the subject of the relationship between science and religion, it is appropriate to extend the discussion of the analysis of tools and resources to the discussion of epistemological foundations While analyzing the ontological foundations of both, the fate of many scientific controversies will be clarified in more depth. In that case, the commonalities and differences between science and religion become clear.