Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Attenuate Tissue Injury and Reduce Inflammation in Experimental Acute Pancreatitis

Purpose: Acute pancreatitis (AP) which is distinguished by local pancreatic necrosis, following by systemic organ failure is known as an inflammatory disease. Up to now, there are only a few treatment options accessible for patients suffering from AP. In this study, we aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory capacities of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBM-MSCs) in a detailed AP model experiment. Methods: AP was induced in C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneal administration of cerulein (100 μg/kg/h × 7 doses) at intervals of 1 hour. Then, 2×105 MSCs were infused in the AP mice by tail vein 6 hours after the last cerulein injection. Mice were sacrificed 12 hours following the injection of hBM-MSC, and blood samples and pancreas tissues were obtained. Results: We first determined the presence of transplanted hBM-MSC in the pancreas of mice with AP, but not the control mice. Our data indicate that administration of hBM-MSCs to mice with AP lead to (i) decreased serum levels of amylase, lipase and myeloperoxidase activities, (ii) downregulation of proinflammatory cytokine, macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), and (iii) upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin 10 (IL-10). Moreover, hBM-MSC administration results in notably attenuated cerulein-induced histopathological alternations and edema. Conclusion: we demonstrate that hBM-MSC attenuates AP signs and indicating that hMB-MSC therapy could be a suitable approach for the treatment of inflammatory disease such as AP.