Differentiate of Ten Pea Cultivars (Pisum sativum L.) by RAPD Markers and Seed Storage Proteins

The present study involved characterization of variability of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and protein patterns in some Pisum sativum cultivars. Twenty RAPD primers were used to estimate the genetic diversity in ten pea cultivars. A total of 89 bands were scored, of which 53 bands (59.55%) were polymorphic and two of polymorphic band were unique bands. The average of amplified and polymorphic bands was 4.45 and 2.65, respectively. The highest polymorphic bands found at locus C10, R11 and V03 (5 bands), whereas the lowest number of polymorphic bands found at locus OPA-09, OPA13, OPA-07, P19, N7 and N20 (1 band). Distance matrix based on Jaccard coefficient ranged from 0.333 to 0.774. The highest value was found between O-P622 and O-P234, while the lowest genetic distance was observed between O-P923 and O-P888. A dendrogram revealed two major clusters: cluster I and cluster II. The results of dendrogram indicated that the groups of cluster II is most genetically distant from groups of cluster I. The SDS-PAGE patterns of seed storage proteins, showed that among 23 electrophoretic protein bands, only five bands were recorded to be polymorphic. The distance matrix values ranged from 0.00 to 0.75. At distance 23, cluster analysis sorting the cultivars into two major groups. The dendrogram constructed from both methods divided pea cultivars into two clusters. In this study, analysis using RAPD markers provide more information about genetic diversity among pea cultivars and the results of SDS-PAGE show low variation among pea cultivars.