Differences of Serum 25- (OH) D3 Level and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes between Women with Gestational Diabetes and Healthy Pregnant Women

Background: The difference in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-(OH) D3) level between the gestational dia-betes mellitus (GDM) and healthy pregnant women was analyzed, to provide the experimental evidence for the vitamin supplement in pregnant women, especially those with GDM. Methods: Pregnant women (n=50) who received prenatal care in the Obstetrical Clinic of Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in summer and winter of 2016 were enrolled. They were assigned to the sum-mer GDM group, winter GDM group, summer control group and winter control group. The level of serum 25-(OH)D3 was determined using immunochromatography. Results: The mean level of serum 25-(OH)D3 in pregnant women of four groups was lower than normal level. Compared with control group in corresponding season, the winter and summer GDM groups had significantly lower level of 25-(OH)D3 than the winter and summer control groups (P<0.05). The winter GDM group had significantly lower level of 25-(OH)D3 than the summer GDM group (P<0.05). The winter control group had significantly lower level of 25-(OH)D3 than the summer control group (P<0.05). The percentage of deficient 25-(OH)D3 level was the highest in winter GDM group. Vitamin D deficiency was severer in pregnant women with GDM than healthy pregnant women. In winter, vitamin D deficiency was severer than that in summer. Conclusion: Pregnant women, especially those with GDM, should pay more attention to vitamin D supple-mentation.