Selective Microbial Biomarkers in Type-2 Diabetes with Principal Component Analysis and Receiver-operating Characteristic Curves

Background and aim: Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with metabolic disorders, such as obesity and Type-2diabetes Mellitus. This study evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of selective biological markers in T2 diabetes. Materials and methods: Stool samples were collected from 110 confirmed T2DM and ten non-T2DM subjects, and bacterial DNA extracted. The V4 areas of bacterial 16S rRNA were amplified and sequenced using an Illumina NextSeq 500 platform. Results: There was a strong correlation between the family Streptococcaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae, Alcaligenaceae, Paraprevotellaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae with T2D. The genus-Faecalibacterium and genus-Roseburia demonstrated a negative correlation with T-2D. The Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) of the Area Under Curve (AUC) value of gut microbiome was in increasing order with family Genus Species Order Class.Therefore, we classified the diagnostic accuracy as poor (0.6 ROC AUC ≤ 0.7), failed (ROC AUC ≤ 0.6), good (0.8 ROC AUC ≤ 0.9), excellent (0.9 ROC AUC ≤ 1.0) and fair (0.7 ROC AUC ≤ 0.8).According to the results, the selected bacterial family/taxa provided fair diagnostic tools followed by genus/taxa, whereas other bacterial genera /taxa failed the diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: We could demonstrate the gut microbiome-based classifiers potential for identifying people suffering from the increased risks for T2D. The findings also revealed that genus-Faecalibacterium, genus-Roseburia, and genus-Phascolarctobacterium were the main discriminants for T2D.