Pembentukan TPS dalam Pembuatan Lean: Satu Kajian Perbandingan

Lean manufacturing and Toyota Production System (TPS) are popular quality management practices or philosophies in manufacturing companies. The main objective of lean Manufacturing and TPS is to eliminate waste in production and focus on activities that can enhance value. The purpose of this research study is to combine and unlock the theory of lean manufacturing and TPS by finding their similarities and differences. Case studies have been conducted through interviews with three selected companies whereby a list of survey questions has been prepared to collect information from respondents. Various factors that distinguish the TPS and lean manufacturing have been discussed to prove that these two philosophies are different. The results showed that TPS and lean manufacturing are different in terms of time factor, principle, objective, goal, branding, techniques and its implementation. Companies are more likely to adopt the five principles of lean manufacturing and partial principles of TPS by applying five main quality techniques namely 5S, Standardized Work, VSM, JIT and Kaizen. Through these case studies, it was found that the lack of cooperation from suppliers, and low understanding and awareness of employees are the main obstacles hindering the implementation of lean manufacturing or TPS. This research can become a reference for readers and companies which want to practice lean manufacturing or TPS.