Development of Sunni Political Thought in History and Its Effectiveness

The institution of caliphate represents the political practices of Muslims that they have brought up through their histories. This institution has a long history that started after the Prophet and continued with the circumstances the political powers of command were in and their own initiative and political views until the beginning of 19th century. In this article, a compendious depiction of Arabic political practices before the Prophet, the power vacuum of this political practice, main-stream political styles during the practices of the first four caliphs and the institutionalization of Umayyad, Abbasid and Ottoman political experiences has been undertaken.