Phenotypes, Performance, and Insulin Gene (INS) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) C1549T Genotyping of Indonesian Meat‐Type Chicken Breed

Pelung chicken, as one of the Indonesian indigenous chicken breeds, is known for its distinct characteris-tics. Pelung chicken has been an object of selective breeding programs due to its slow-growing perform-ance, particularly in live weight gain. Through select ive breeding, the backcross and its reciprocal genera-tions have been produced. This study was aimed to identify the phenotypes, performance in live weight gain, and insulin gene (INS) single-nucleotide polym orphism (SNP) C1549T genotyping. The phenotypes consisted of morphometrics and morphological traits. The tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) method was used to detect the SNP C1549T of the INS gene. The live weight gain of reciprocal backcross (RBC1) outperformed the first backcross (BC1) chick-ens. Morphometrics and morphological traits of BC1 and RBC1 indicated a directional selection effect to-wards pelung chicken. The transition mutation of SNP C1549T was only detected in RBC1 chickens as CT genotype (44.44%) and TT genotype (55.56%). The presence of SNP C1549T might have a significant as-sociation with the live weight gain of RBC1. T-ARMS-PCR method is suitable for the rapid detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms. Additional studies are required to confirm the association of INS gene polymorphism and live weight gain with a larger population size.