Green and chemical synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles (Fe/Ni) supported by zeolite 5A as aheterogeneous fenton-like catalyst and study of kinetic and thermodynamic reaction for decolorization of reactive red 120 dye from aqueous pollution

In this work, the green and chemical synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles (Fe/Ni) NPs supported by zeolite 5A using green tea extract and sodium borohydride as reducing agents, respectively, at the best ratio of Fe: Ni was obtained and used as heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation for the decolorization of reactive red 120 dye (RR120) from water polluted. The nanoparticles were characterized by using SEM, (EDX), (AFM), (XRD), (FT-IR), (BET), and Zeta potential. The hydrothermal preparation of zeolite 5A from local kaolin, then characterization, and use of it as a supporting material. The optimum conditions of decolorization of RR120 were studied under experimental parameters such as: [H2O2] = (0.1–20) mmol/L, catalyst dosages = (0.1–1.5) g/L, pH (2.5–9), [RR120 dye] = (15–100) mg/L, reaction time = (0–120) min, and temperature (30–50) °C. The decolorization efficiency of RR120 dye under the optimum reaction conditions by Fenton-like reaction for (GT-Z-Fe/Ni) NPs synthesis by green methods was 99.9%, whereas 96.6% with (Z-Fe/Ni) NPs synthesized by chemical methods. Furthermore, we studied the kinetic and thermodynamic effects of RR120 dye removal by heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation for GT-Z-Fe/Ni and Z-Fe/Ni NPs by three kinetic models (first-order, second-order, and Behnajady–Modirshahla–Ghanbary (BMG)) and the thermodynamic parameters (ΔG^0, ΔH^0, and ΔS^0) at (30, 40, and 50) C°. The results indicate the second-order and the (BMG) are the best models representing the experimental kinetic data of RR120 dye removal, and the reaction is spontaneous and endothermic using GT-Z-Fe/Ni and Z-Fe/Ni nanoparticles. Finally, the comparison of the decolorization efficiency of RR120 dye in optimum conditions using different reaction mechanisms.