Evaluation of oxidative status with xanthine oxidoreductase activities in postmenopausal Iraqi osteoporosis women

Osteoporosis is a long-term degenerative condition that develops when there is an imbalance between bone growth and resorption. Oxidative stress (OS) parameters like total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and malondialdehyde (MDA) are believed to play an important role in this disease. While the two forms of xanthine oxidoreductases enzyme (XDR): xanthine oxidase (XO) and xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) are parts of the molybdenum iron-sulfur flavin hydroxylase group of enzymes. The purpose of this study is to know the impact of XO, XDH, and OS on this silent disease. Total of (150) samples of postmenopausal women were included in the present study (divided equally to 3 groups as follow: apparently healthy as control, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups). With the two enzymes, other OS parameters were measured by colorimetric tests. Results showed significantly increase in XO activity in two patients groups compared with control group. In contrast, the XDH activity was significantly decreased. Also, TOS, OSI, and MDA were significantly increased while TAS was significantly decreased between the groups of patients compared with the control group. Based on the observations, it can be concluded that such an increase XO activity is due to the increase conversion of the other form (XDH) to XO led to the production of reactive oxygen species and so, OS increase. The present data provide further evidence of the relation of such disease with OS and the role of XOR generation of oxidant molecules and inflammatory reaction in this common disease.