Evaluation of NLR Family CARD Domain Containing 3 and NLR Family CARD Domain Containing 5 Gene Expression in Interferon Gamma–Treated Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wharton’s Jelly of Human Umbilical Cord

Background: Human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly has provided a new source for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The highly proliferative capacity with low immunogenicity and multi-differentiation potential of its stem cells make them applicable for transplantation purposes. Nucleotidebinding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) play various roles in antigen presentation of pathogens and damaged cells to suppress and/or modulate inflammation. Objectives: In this study, the expression levels of NLR family CARD domain containing 3 (NLRC3) and NLRC5 genes were analyzed and compared in both untreated and interferon gamma (IFNγ)–treated Wharton’s jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs). Methods: MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly using standard tissue culture. The expression of NLRC5 and NLRC3 genes was analyzed in IFNγ–treated WJ-MSCs (24 hours after treatment) and untreated WJ-MSCs (as a control) using quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: It was found that IFNγ treatment mimicking an inflammation scenario led to a statistically significant increase of NLRC3 and NLRC5 gene expression compared to untreated WJMSCs (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: It seems that higher expression of NLRC3 and NLRC5 genes in treated WJMSCs may make them a proper candidate to be used as a source for cell therapy in inflammatory conditions.