Biosynthesis and Characterization of Fe3O4/CaO Nanoparticles and Investigation of Its Catalytic Property

The principal aim of this research is the green synthesis and application of Fe3O4/CaO magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for heterocyclic reactions. Fe3O4/CaO MNPs have been prepared using FeSO4 and quail eggshell waste powder in solvent-free conditions. Morphology and structure of Fe3O4/CaO MNPs were determined by FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was used as a highly efficient catalyst for the synthesis of triazole carbohydrate derivatives. (1S, 2R, 3R, 4R)-1-(4-amino-5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentanol (3) was synthesized by the reaction of thiocarbohydrazide and D-gluconic acid-δ-lactone in the presence of Fe3O4/CaO MNPs (7% mol) in ethanol under reflux conditions. Compound (3) was used as an intermediate for the synthesis of [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin and thiadiazol derivatives. The assigned structure was further established by CHN analyses, NMR, and FT-IR spectra. Because of excellent capacity, the exceedingly simple workup, and good yield, eco-friendly catalyst Fe3O4/CaO MNPs were proved to be a good catalyst for this reaction.