Dielectric and Electrical Properties of Intercalated 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-N-(p-tolyl) methanimine into the Interlayers of Bentonite Clay

In this work, the dielectric properties of intercalated 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-N-(ptolyl) methanimine into bentonite interlayers were investigated in the frequency range 10^2 to 10^6 Hz at five different temperatures between 24oC and 60oC. The impedance of the composite decreased with increasing the temperature from 24oC to 60oC, as it drops 7*10^3 Ω at 100 Hz and 1.5*10^3 Ω at 1 MHz. The composite showed a very low conductivity with little effect of increasing temperature in the low frequencies, yet the high frequencies make the effect of maximizing the temperature more obvious. The imaginary dielectric permittivity exhibited peaks of energy losses which reached the highest magnitude with 60oC, whereas the dielectric breakdowns were shifted toward higher frequencies with increasing temperature. Moreover, the activation energy of relaxation time was obtained by using Arrhenius equation from the slope of ln(τ) vs. (KT)^-1 curve and the value was (965.24 J). In the same approach, the activation energies of charge carriers were estimated in three different frequency regions; high, moderate, and low regions and the values were 529.31, 698.09, and 541.98 J, respectively.