Investigation of Chemical Composition of Anthemis coelopoda Boiss. Essential Oil from Three Regions in Gilan Province

The genus Anthemis L. belongs to the family Asteraceae, is the second largest genus in the Compositae family, tribe Anthemideae, about 130 species of genus Anthemis occur throughout the world consists of 39 annual and perennial species distributed all over of Iran. According to literature, this species was not the subject of research up to now and therefore its chemical composition is not well known. In this research three samples of Anthemis coelopoda Boiss. were collected from Gilan province, in the 2020. The specimen is deposited in Central Herbarium of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands. The secondary metabolites and volatile constituents of A. coelopoda Boiss. were isolated by water distillation (celevenjer apparatus) and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Main secondary metabolites components from sample one Gilan: Loshan, before Hanifa Imamzadeh, near the cement mine, 801 meters high, in flower were β- calacorene 35.9%, Elemicin 24.0% and n-dodecanol 8.8% and in leaf were βcalacorene 26.8%, elemicin 13.9% and n-dodecanol 11.8%, and essential oil yield from flower were 0.04% and leaf were 0.03%. Main components from sample two Gilan: southwest of Rudbar, Lake 1181 meters high, in flower were γ- cuprenene 18.2%, n-dodecanol 13.8% and geranyl propanoate 7.4% and in leaf were n-dodecanol 13.5%, - terpinen-7-al 10.8% and geranyl propanoate 10.2%, and essential oil yield from flower were 0.10% and in lead were 0.07%. Main components from sample thee Gilan: Loshan, before Hanifa Imamzadeh, near the cement mine, 801 meters high, in flower were n-dodecanol 11.8%, - terpinen-7-al 9.3% and Cumin aldehyde 8.8% and in leaf were n-dodecanol 14.9%, - terpinen-7-al 11.1% and 5- hydroxy isobornyl isobutanoate 10%, and essential oil yeild from flower were 0.09% and in leaf were 0.06%. Sampling simultaneously on one day from three different areas (Samples 1 and 3 were collected from one area but at a great distance) their essential oils were examined for chemical composition and the results indicate different combinations and amounts in a species. This difference can be the result of differences in soil type and different plant water uptake.