Relationship between common interleukin 1-beta gene polymorphisms and the risk of gestational disorders: An updated meta-analysis

Background: To quantitatively estimate the relationship between IL‐1β -511C>T, −31T>C, and +3954C>T polymorphisms and risk of gestational disorders. Methods: In this meta-analysis, eligible publications were searched in Web of Knowledge, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases (updated April 2020), using appropriate or relevant keywords. Case-control population-based reports were included if provided with genotypic frequencies of both studied groups. Statistical analyses were performed using the MetaGenyo web tool software, where a P value less than 0.05 indicated a significant association. For the assessment of between-study variations, heterogeneity analysis was applied with the I² statistics. Results: A total of thirteen studies were included. We observed a significant association between IL‐1β−31T>C polymorphism and reduced risk of gestational disorders under codominant CT vs. CC [OR= 0.74, CI (0.59-0.92)], and dominant CT+TT vs. CC [OR= 0.74, CI (0.60-0.91)] contrasted genetic models. The stratified analysis considering the disease type showed that the 511C>T variant, under the recessive CC vs. CT+TT model, enhanced the risk of preterm birth by 1.29 fold. Conclusion: Our results failed to support an association between two IL‐1β polymorphisms, 511C>T and +3954C>T, with the overall risk of gestational disorders. In contrast, the 31T>C variant reduced the incidence of such diseases. Further studies are encouraged to get more precise estimates of effect sizes.