Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Background: Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), a logarithm of ratio of triglycerides and high‑density lipoprotein‑cholesterol is associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The cardiovascular complication in Type 2 diabetes is often assessed by the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Aim: This study aimed to observe and to find any correlation between LVEF and AIP in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Materials and Methods: In this cross‑sectional observational study, we recruited 140 (male 81, female 59) newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from a tertiary care hospital. Plasma lipids were measured from venous blood after 12‑h fasting. The LVEF was measured by echocardiography. Data were presented as mean, standard deviation, and statistically tested by Chi‑square and Pearson correlation coefficient in IBM SPSS Statistics 20. Results: The mean age of the participants was 53.95 ± 11.63 years (male 53.85 ± 11.12 years, female 54.08 ± 12.39 years, unpaired t‑test P = 0.91). The mean LVEF was 0.59 ± 0.06 and 0.6 ± 0.05 (unpaired t‑test P = 0.17) in males and females, respectively. The AIP was 0.57 ± 0.07 and 0.57 ± 0.07 (unpaired t‑test P = 0.97) in males and females, respectively. There was a negative correlation (r = −0.56, P < 0.001) between LVEF and AIP. Conclusion: Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients showed a high AIP. Hence, serum lipid profile may be tested early in these patients. Patients with a higher AIP may have lower LVEF. Hence, diabetic patients with a high AIP may be screened for LVEF periodically for early detection and management of heart failure.