Chemical Variability of Salvia eremophila Boiss. (Case Study: Yazd Province, Iran)

Salvia eremophila Boiss. is an endemic plant from Iran. Plant metabolites are directly affected by some environmental factors. In following, secondary metabolites and chemical compounds might be varied that this variation can lead to changes the pharmacological efficacies. To investigate chemical variation of the species in different natural habitats, the essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation method using Clevenger apparatus. Comparative outcomes revealed considerable variations in the obtained oils and constitutions. The essential oil yield varied between 0.69–0.81% during full flowering stages. The essential oil analyses identified 14 compounds (86.7–94.1% of the total oil) among which α- pinene (48.7–52.7%) was the highest component in all studied populations. The other main compositions were borneol (11.5–14.7%), isobornyl acetate (9.1-10.8%), and trans-Caryophyllene (6.9–8.2%). Based on the present research it could be found that chemical variation of S. eremophila in the studied areas is considerable. Ghavam Abad was the best one in quality and quantity of the chemical compounds.