Human Health Risk Assessment via the Consumption of platycephalus indicus in the Persian Gulf, Iran

The present paper assesses human health risk associated with accumulation of lead, copper, zinc, nickel, and Arsenic in the muscle of bartail flathead (Platycephalus indicus) collected from Jofreh Pier and Bushehr Port, northwest of the Persian Gulf of Iran. It collects eighty P. indicus in total, analyzing them via ICP-OES of two seasons (summer and winter) of 2019. Thus, it manages to estimate daily intake (EDI), estimated weekly intake (EWI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and Carcinogenic risk (CR). The mean concentration (μg/g) range are observed as follows: zinc (16.37-50.17)> As (5.65- 8.83)> Cu (2.19-3.63)> Pb (0.62-6.37)> Ni (0.17-1.08). Hazard index (HI) for adult and children during consumption of P.indicus has been below 1, with the highest HI values calculated for adults (0.06) in Bushehr and children (0.14) in Jofreh. The CR levels for Ni and Pb have been within acceptable limits (10-6 to 10-4), while arsenic has stood at unacceptable levels (> 10-4) in the sampling sites.