Effect of Woven Fabric Structure on the Water Filtration Efficiency

Water, as a necessary liquid for life and an essential source of industries, must be used and recycled in a regular cycle. Water filtration is a special area that is being developed by relevant experts. In many areas of activity, the most critical goal is to increase the separation and filtration efficiency. The efficiency of an effective filtration system chiefly depends on the selection of a suitable porous filter. Woven fabrics are utilized as filters in liquid filtration. In this research, a water filtration unit was carefully designed and assembled to evaluate woven polyester fabric’s filtration efficiency in a standard procedure. The particle size distribution in water was between 100-140 μm. The woven polyester fabrics, that were differed in weft density and weave, were produced by a projectile weaving machine. The samples were used as filters on both sides of the back and face of the fabric. After the separation process, the filtered water turbidity and the filtration efficiency for each sample were evaluated. Statistical analysis of the results showed that there was a significant difference in filtration efficiency when using low-density fabric samples on both sides of the back and face of the fabric. The water filtration efficiency when using the backside of the samples is higher than that when using the face side. In fabric filters with different weave structures and densities, it was detected that the filtration efficiency is not significantly the same. Finally, according to the ultimate performance of fabric filters in the filtration process, the samples were classified.