Author/Authors :
Fu, Jinwei School of Civil Engineering and Transportation - North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China , Safaei, Mohammad Reza School of Civil Engineering - Aria University of Sciences and Sustainability, Tehran, Iran , Haeri, Hadi School of Civil Engineering and Transportation - North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China , Sarfarazi, Vahab Department of mining engineering - Hamedan University of technology, Hamedan, Iran , Fatehi Marji, Mohammad Department of Mine Exploitation Engineering - Faculty of Mining and metallurgy - Institute of Engineering - Yazd University, Yazd, Iran , Xu, Leige School of Civil Engineering and Transportation - North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China , Arefnia, Ali Department of Geotechnics & Transportation - Faculty of Civil Engineering - Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
Abstract :
In this work, the mechanical behavior of strata deformation due to drilling and
surface loading is investigated using a 3D physical model. For this purpose, a scaled-
down physical model is first designed. Then the tunnel drilling and support system are
built. The subsidence experiments performed due to tunnel excavation and loading in
a very dense and loose soil are performed. Soil is clayey sand (SC), and the percentages
of its components are as sand (S = 1. 41%), gravel (G = 25%), and clay (C = 9.33%).
Unstable tunnel support experiments are also carried out using physical simulation.
Finally, deformations of soil surface and subsidence of strata are observed and
recorded. In the tunnel with segmental support, 18.75% more load is applied than in
the unsupported tunnel, and the total subsidence of the strata is reduced by 36.2%. The
area of the deformed inner layers is decreased by 74.2%, and the length of the affected
area in the largest layer is decreased by 48%. The depth of the cavity created at the
surface is 46.66% less.
Keywords :
3D physical model , Settlement , Tunnel , Excavation , Segment
