Gray-Scale Ultrasonographic Features of Cervical Lymph Nodes in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

The current study designated to evaluate Gray scale Ultrasound (US) parameters of the lymphomatous cervical lymph nodes (CLN) in Hodgkinʼs, Non Hodgkinʼs lymphoma (HL and NHL) patients, and normal CLN in normal control group, 92 CLN in 50 patients newly diagnosed with HL and NHL and 29 normal CLN in 25 healthy persons. (US) parameters including shape, echo pattern, fatty hilum, nodal border, cystic necrosis, coagulation necrosis and internal calcification, homogeneity, site of involvement, and status to the adjacent tissue of lymph nodes were noted. The shape (round), fatty hilum (absent), homogeneity (homogenous), lymph node status (matted), and echogenic pattern (reticular) presented with significant relationship (Si) that segregate NHL and HL in contrast to control group, cystic necrosis (present) presented with (Si) that segregate NHL in contrast to control groups with (Si) relation toward HL group, nodal border (regular) presented with (Si) in NHL in contrast to control group with no significant (NS) relationship with leftover groups, with (68.9%) in HL to be informative hyperechoic echogenic pattern presented with (Si) in control group in contrast to NHL, HL groups. The other parameters such as site of involvement, coagulation necrosis, internal calcification, and hypoechoic and isoechoic echogenic pattern presented with (NS) relation among studied groups. Gray-scale US parameters outcome round shape, absent Hilum, homogenous architecture, lymph node status (matted), and reticular echo pattern were a strong clinical diagnostic features in lymphomatous CLN that predict occurrence of NHL, HL, with more presented matted lymph nodes in NHL than HL group. Cystic necrosis (present) was strong clinical indicator for the NHL occurrence prediction.