A Robust Single Layer QCA Decoder Using a Novel Fault Tolerant Three Input Majority Gate

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is an emerging technology and one of the suitable alternatives to conventional CMOS technology. Designing efficient basic logic circuits like decoders is an open research topic in this emerging technology. As reliability is also the most important issue in QCA technology circuit design due to its susceptibility to faults occurring during chemical fabrication, we design an efficient coplanar robust 2-to-4 decoder, employing a novel fault-tolerant three-input majority gate. Our proposed majority gate is designed with 11 simple QCA cells. The area and energy consumptions of the proposed majority gate is 0.01 μm2 and 1.49×2^-2 MeV, respectively. The presented majority gate has also 71% and 100% tolerance against single-cell omission and extra-cell deposition defects, respectively, and it has a proper tolerance against cell displacement and misalignment defects. The novel robust 2-to-4 decoder is also designed using the proposed majority gate. The simulation results show that the presented decoder is more efficient in comparison to previous designs.