Detection of the O6-Carboxymethylguanine DNA Adduct in Colorectal Cancer Using a Graphene Field-Effect Transistor-Based Biosensors

Efforts to understand genetic diseases and mutations in biological systems are the most important driver of research development in medical and biomolecular sciences. Rapid, sensitive, accurate, and cost-effective biomolecule analysis is particularly important in diagnosis and treatment. The discovery of graphene as a new nanomaterial with a carbon structure with a single atom thickness due to its unique electronic, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties has opened a new topic in research in various biomedical sciences and the production of biosensors for biomolecule analysis. In this research, a biosensor based on a graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) is used to detect DNA with optimal accuracy and sensitivity, which can be a basis for making DNA detection tools. In the studied structure, using non-equilibrium Green function equations and Poisson equation, we study the electron transfer in graphene field-effect transistors. Then, by examining the interaction between nucleotide bases (C, G, A, T) and O6-carboxymethylguanine related to the colorectal cancer DNA sequence to detection of mutation will be identified by GFET, and their binding energy determined.