Comparison of Blood Sugar Changes during Orthopedic Surgeries in Patients under Spinal Anesthesia and General Anesthesia: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Surgery with general anesthesia increases blood sugar in two ways, one is due to surgical stress and the other is the pharmacological effects of anesthetic drugs; On the other hand, the use of spinal anesthesia has positive effects such as reducing deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, etc. Based on the studies conducted on the blood sugar level 15 minutes before the operation and 25 and 50 minutes after the operation. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate these two anesthesia methods in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Methodology: In this study, which was a systematic review and was conducted during 2022 based on the steps of the PRIZMA guidelines, databases that publish articles in the medical field were searched based on the objectives of this study; In this search, every article that was published in English and Farsi and had a good quality was included in this systematic review so that its contents could be used for the purposes of this study. Results: No significant difference in the average blood sugar between spinal anesthesia and general anesthesia groups before surgery, after surgery, 30 minutes and 60 minutes after surgery and during recovery. The average blood sugar in this group decreased after surgery compared to before surgery. Conclusion: Considering the importance of blood sugar regulation around the time of surgery, the current study found spinal anesthesia to be somewhat preferable to general anesthesia in controlling the patient s blood sugar.