A comparative survival analysis of high viscosity glass ionomerrestorations using conventional cavity preparation and atraumaticrestorative treatment technique in primary molars: A randomizedclinical trial

Background: This randomized clinical trial (RCT) aimed to compare the 3‑year survival ratesof high viscosity glass ionomer restorations (HVGIC) using conventional cavity preparation andatraumatic restorative technique (ART) in primary molars.Materials and Methods: In this RCT, 139 schoolchildren aged 6–9 years with dentinal caries inprimary molars were randomly allocated to groups, i.e. the ART group and the conventional group,utilizing a random number generator. Adequate allocation concealment was done. Interventionwas delivered using standard procedure and GC Fuji IX ART HVGIC was used as restorations inboth the groups. Analysis was carried in 92 participants, and survival rates in both the groups werecompared at 12, 24, and 36-month intervals. IBM SPSS software was utilized to analyze the timetaken for the procedure and the Kaplan–Meier estimate was used to assess the survival rates.P value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The ART took longer to complete (16.48 ± 2.02 min) versus conventional rotaryinstrumentation (13.15 ± 1.32 min). The conventional method was slightly superior as comparedto ART; excellent survival rates (i.e. 90%) were achieved in both groups at the end of 12‑monthfollow‑up with no significant differences at the end of 24 and 36 months as evident from Kaplan–Meier estimate (P = 0.255).Conclusion: Three‑year follow‑up showed that GIC restorations with ART and conventional methodcarried out using GC Fuji IX ART HVGIC were acceptably successful, substantiating the use of ARTfor the primary dentition in areas with high caries prevalence and limited access to dental care.