TECHNOLOGY POVERTY AND DEPENDENCY OF EXPORT ON IMPORT IN TURKEY

Deprivation of resources and technology of a country causes that the growth of such country to be dependent on external resources. Deprivation of technology points to the countries at the macro level and of the businesses at the micro level, being in need of necessary and sufficient human, physical and financial resources in order to produce the technology they need. For developing countries like Turkey, the lack of negotiating power against industrial countries those producing the technology, absence of sufficiently developed national innovation systems of such countries, brain drain towards the developed countries, inefficacy of science and technological policies, some restrictive measures of patent and license agreements are among the main reasons of being in deprive of technology. Upon the process of globalization in the world economy in recent years, abolition of regulations restricting international trade and technological advancements affects production processes especially in developing countries directly and dependencies of such countries on imported input is gradually increasing. The increase in export-oriented manufacturing activities of countries causes the increase of demands on foreign capital, technology, raw materials-intermediate goods and energy, countries are being obliged to import the intermediate goods and capital goods in order to increase their production and export. Realization of economic growth and export increase by this way denotes the fact that such country is in deprive of intermediate goods, capital goods and technology, and growth and exportation of this country is dependent on the import. In this study, import indicators in sectoral level in Turkey are estimated by using Augmented Mean Group (AMG) Method for 2003:1 2012:12 period. In accordance with these estimations, it is proved that sectors having the highest rate of import increase in sectoral level are “motorized land vehicles”, “machinery and equipment”, “other transportation vehicles”, “office, accounting and data processing devices” and “main metal industry” sectors. In this study, it is reflected that increase of production and exportation in specified industries in Turkey is only possible by importation of inputs like raw materials, intermediate goods, technology, etc.