Author/Authors :
tajchman, katarzyna university of life sciences - department of ethology and animal welfare, Lublin, POLAND , bogdaszewski, marek researche station in kosewo górne - institute of parasitology pan, Kosewo Górne, POLAND , kowalczuk-vasilev, edyta university of life sciences - institute of animal nutrition and bromatology, Lublin, POLAND , steiner-bogdaszewska, żaneta researche station in kosewo górne - institute of parasitology pan, Kosewo Górne, POLAND , bogdaszewski, paweł university of life sciences - institute of animal nutrition and bromatology, Lublin, POLAND
Abstract :
Ruminant breeders, who strive to feed their animals properly, focus their attention on three components of diet: metabolic energy, total protein and raw fibre. Properly balanced nutrition should take into account another element, i.e. the proper level of mineral-vitamin compounds. The paper shows the effects of nutrition on the content of micro- and macro-elements in the blood of farmed fallow deer reared in two systems. Male calves constituted the main study group. All the animals had constant access to water and hay. One of the groups of the animals kept in a special rearing house received a complementary mineral feed mixture for calves “Cielak plus 2.5%” produced by LNB (Cargill, Poland); the administration followed manufacturer’s recommendations. Additionally, the feed contained fodder composed of 70% of crushed oats, 15% of the “universal rapeseed concentrate” (producer: Eko-pasz, Mońki, Poland) containing 33% of crude protein, and 15% of the “universal soybean concentrate” (producer: Eko-pasz, Mońki, Poland) with 45% of crude protein. The second group was reared in a free-range system outside the calf-shed and was fed roughage feeds ad libitum. The aim of this study was to determine the selected minerals in the plasma of young farmed fallow deer. The blood was collected at slaughter, which is a natural element in the farm rearing technology. Plasma P, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, and Cu levels were determined. Specific reference intervals are needed for each animal species for appropriate interpretation of haematological and serum biochemical results. Serum biochemical parameters, such as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper and iron content, were determined using reagent kits (BioMaxima, Lublin, Poland), according to manufacturer’s protocol and a random access biochemical analyser Metrolab 2300 GL (Metrolab SA, Buenos Aires, Argentine). The preliminary results confirm the beneficial effect of feeding young animals diets containing higher protein contents and mineral mixes.
Keywords :
Dama dama , nutrition , micro , and macro , elements
