Islam Sociology as a Novel Approach in the Sociological Sciences (With Emphasizing on a Critical Reinterpretation of the Sociology of Religion )

The distinction between Religion and Religiosity culture and religious beliefs in thesensory and phenomenological perspective has sociological significance anddemonstrates a distinct pattern of sociology. The present study in the first section withcritically approaches to the Sociology of Religion explains the inadequacy of itsconceptual and perceptual organization in explaining sociological relationships ofreligion, with an emphasis on the inherently reductionist and methodological nature ofthis prevalent discipline. To this aim, the author explains that a Correct understandingof religion - especially Islam - can be considered as a foundation that influences theexisting understanding of sociology of religion and examines the relationship betweenreligion and society from a distinct perspective compared to the prevailing literatureworldwide, highlighting the distinction of this approach compared to theintradisciplinary literature, which mainly involves an essentialist and fixed perception ofreligion and religious society in the dominant intellectual-religious traditions in theIslamic world. The author argues in this field with an Ijtihadi and Intra-religious approach about the combined and creative role of Social Traditions of God with Faithand distinctive characteristics of Islamic spirituality in constructing a new identity forsociety. By referring to the idea that When people take steps towards God and thekingdomin a planned manner, they become closer to each other and a global communitytakes shape, it reaches a new level of religious and Islamic society. In fact, forming theinstitutions with common and distinct featuressuch as mosques, pilgrimage, and recentlythe Arbaeen of Imam Hussein (AS) in relation to the historical and glorious experienceof the Islamic community in Medina shows that the Islamic society is a societyestablished on justice and fairness, which follows its principles by creating sensitivitytowards Perceptive and Cognitive levels, Moral and Inclination values, and Behavioral and Action aspects, within the framework of Faith and Righteous Deeds.